Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Essay Example

Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Essay Example Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Paper Reaction of Butanols with Hydrobromic Acid Paper For this experiment our primary goal was to observe and note the reaction of butanols with hydrobromic acid. Before the lab began we discussed and proposed mechanisms. (see Mechanisms) To begin this experiment we calculated how much of each material we were going to be using, and the numbers we chose to use differed from our reference text slightly. We used 6. mL of our assigned butanol and only 4 mL of sulfuric acid. Going back to our reaction mechanisms, we were looking at SNI and SN2 reactions, so we of course used the hydrobromic acid as our acid atalyst which would be protonating the hydroxyl group of our butanol, to make a better leaving group, so that the bromine radical would be able to attack the leftover carbocation. Our group used 2-bromobutanol and we expected, from our mechanism, to achieve 2-bromobutane and when we compared our GC results to the prepared sample, our mechanism proved to be true. We did have some small hiccups in our experiment, but less than most of the class, for example, after distillation, when we were drying our organic layer (containing our sample) with anhydrous sodium ulfate, we were unable to achieve to clear color we were told to expect even though our sodium sulfate beads we no longer clumping. We spent extra time trying to gain the clear color for our sample to be run through GC, but eventually had to run it as- is and it turned out to be relatively free of impurities, like the water we thought was left behind. Also, our lab reference called for us to obtain an IR spectrum, but we ran gas chromatography instead and it, along with our prepared reference of possible products, proved Just as successful in identification. We did not measure the melting point of our product either.

10625

10625. I have 10625 songs on my IPod. When you think about it, the number is pretty impressive. It’s a big number, and it’s even more remarkable that I know every song. Music reflects who we are. It reflects our tastes, our desires, our needs. It shows how we feel on the inside when we can’t express it on the outside. When I hear my friend’s music collections, many of them have one or two types of music they listen to. Much of it is similar, with pre-existing sounds and vibrant tunes that reflect maybe one or two aspects of their personalities. All claim to have diverse musical tastes, and will even lecture each other on how their music is different from everyone else’s playlists. Yet beyond a few distinct styles, all they’ve really done is dabble in a few other kinds of music. One or two rock songs surrounded by dance music doesn’t show diversification. . And while that’s fine and perfectly respectable, it’s just not who I am. There are 10625 stories on my IPod. I like to think what we all, as human beings, like to think. That we are special. That we stand out in a crowd. That we are all different. That our â€Å"song† is unique. I am as unique as the many types of music I listen to. The different styles of music are a reflection of the many facets of my personality. I listen to everything from classic rock to popular dance, rap and hip hop to classical, rb to alternative, pop to the blues, and even a little country. A guilty pleasure of mine is not only soundtracks, but musical scores, from piano pieces to music from battle scenes. I’m that girl that listens to Korean Pop, or Kpop as it’s internationally known, which has played a major role in my life for the last three years. Shipping from Korea is far from cheap, but it’s always been worth it for my favorite bands. There is some very strange music on my IPod. I have the Epic Rap Battles of History and The Literal Trailers series by Tobuscus straight off of YouTube. Weird, but fun anyway. Then I have fanmixes. Music put together in playlists to represent every TV show, relationship, character, or mood in existence. Some are sad and slow, and some are fast and made for dancing. They’re easily the most misunderstood music on my IPod, but I use them to find new music and help broaden my tastes. I have sweet and slow music for when I’m sad or disappointed. I have fast, pumping dance and pop music for when I go on my runs. There is deep and thought-provoking music for everyday moments in life. There is light and fluffy music for my occasional lazy day. My relationship with my father finds expression through the classical rock music we both listen to and enjoy. Dance music is shared by my mother and me as we move through the house, singing as we go. Rap music, something I would have written off a long time ago, is a topic of posturing between my younger brother and I. We have very different interests, but I get some of my music from him, and I wonder if he knows I download it just to be a little closer to him. Music is how I connect with people, and how my relationships represent themselves. I’m a lot of different things in this world, and I use my music to express how I really feel. Music isn’t just a set of tunes. It’s a dynamic system, a rhythm that pumps and flows through our lives, with layers of emotion no different from what we all feel on an ordinary day. Music is a reflection of who we are, of our similarities, our differences, and our emotions. It helps us tell our story. Each song represents a smal l part of me, and pieced together, they form a picture of who I really am. I have 10625 stories to tell. And I’m still adding more each day.

Problem of obesity in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problem of obesity in America - Essay Example Studies have shown that obesity leads to type two diabetes, heart diseases and heat attacks, hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome, and Dyslipidemia. It is therefore imperative that healthier lifestyles are inculcated among young children ever since their childhood. Therefore, it is high time that obesity rate in US is reduced through effective measures and policies, and for this, one needs to have a thorough understanding of the reasons for obesity in the state. Genetics, changed life style of people, unhealthy eating habits, lack of required physical exercises, and food addiction are generally found to be the major causes for obesity. The consumption of high calorie snacks and fast food items can also lead to overweight and obesity. It is proved that most of the obesity cases are genetically inherited. Therefore, the children of obese parents are more likely to be obese compared to those of lean parents. But one cannot negate the other factors as there is a great increase of obesity rat e among people who cannot blame their inheritance for being so. The modern fast food culture, unhygienic food habits and people’s unwillingness or lack of time to take proper exercises to maintain their physical fitness have all immensely contributed to obesity in the United States.

Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Humanities - Essay Example For both of them responsibility is fidelity and commitment to the truth as it presents or reveals itself to their awareness or memory at the present moment. To be responsible to truth is to encounter it/respond to it for what it is. Hamlet first manifested it in his adamant refusal to shed the outward trappings of mourning against the protestation of his uncle king and queen mother, who wanted him to express the jubilation of their new marriage. Stubborn as he is in his fidelity and sense of responsibility towards his deceased king father, he insisted in the truth of â€Å"that within which passeth show† (Shakespeare, Act 1, Scene II). As for Phaedra, when pressed by Oeneoneas to the cause of her depression, she made a simple acknowledgement of the truth raging within her: â€Å"I feel all the furies of desire†. (Racine, Act 1 Scene III). No matter how fearsome the truth is, she shrinks not in acknowledging and recognizing its potent poison. Both of them yielded to the power of this truth but differ in the manner of their response. Hamlet refused to hide the truth; Phaedra chose to languish in secret till she could bear no more to hide the truth. To be responsible to truth is to act so that that the truth comes to light, no matter what the price. When the deceased king’s apparition revealed to Hamlet the dastardly act of murder committed by his uncle against his father and commanded him to execute vengeance, Hamlet subsequently manifested a prolonged ambivalence towards acting on the revelation. Far from fear of the challenge, Hamlet’s tarrying was rather a strong proof of his commitment and responsibility for truth. His words: â€Å"prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell,† (Shakespeare, Act III, Scene I) belied his confidence in the apparition’s revelation and could not commit himself to such unverified disclosure. He, however, was committed to ascertain the truthfulness of the apparition’s revelation,

Essay examples --

Our business will not be able to compete with the other competitors without building a website. We will need to hire personal, such as software engineer and net developer or outsource the task. To create, develop and keep up to date all the software and website. The website will of course have all our contact information, description of services we offer. In addition it will have a feature which allows our future customers to get a quote by filling in some information such as the type of services they want, type of course, country delivered, number of days, number of attendees and language needed. When the information is complete we will provide an approximate cost for the services required. In addition, the developer will take care of the software that will be used to translate, schedule our trainings, and organize all the data and training information. So having employees within the company taking care of our website is crucial. Content: All the trainings, translating and services we will provide will need content .We will purchase data about the countries and languages we are targ...

Align Technology. Inc Essay

Who is the member for traditional braces market and for Invisalign? Answer Members for Invisalign’s Braces Market * Customers The patient marks the beginning and end of the channel flow in the Invisalign process, seeking a service for malocclusion treatment from their orthodontist. Customers of Invisalign are incentivized by the nearly invisible look, removable while eating ease, and hygiene of the aligners. * Orthodontists As for the customer, the orthodontist determines whether or not Invisalign is the appropriate solution. If suitable, the orthodontist will proceed with  photographs, X-rays, impressions of dental arches, a wax bite and an Invisalign prescription for the patient. This information is then sent to the next channel member in Santa Clara for processing. The orthodontist also has to make adjustments and corrections to the proposal after they are created in Pakistan. * Invisalign The Santa Clara headquarters serves as central point between all channel members. Once Invisalign receives the patient’s information from the orthodontist, employees analyzes the data and constructs plaster and computer models of the current dentition. When completed, this model is forwarded to Pakistan for analysis. * Software Developers The patient’s treatment plan is designed in Pakistan, which entails simulated tooth movements for each of the two weeks for the entire treatment process. Once approved by Invisalign and the orthodontist, these molds are then outsourced to the next channel in Mexico for production. * Manufacturers (Mexico) Aligners are created from the molds received. They are trimmed, cleaned, polished and inspected before they are shipped directly to the orthodontist, which then forwards to the end customer. Members for Traditional Braces Market * Customer Similar to Invisalign, the customer or patient starts and ends the channel flow in the traditional braces process. The patient may either inquire or be referred by their dentist to seek treatment. * Dentist The patient visits their general dentist and if malocclusion is diagnosed, a referral is made to an orthodontist. * Orthodontists In the initial visit with the orthodontist, X-rays, photographs and dental moldings are collected from the patient. A treatment plan is created and in the next visit, brackets are cemented to each tooth and linked with an arch wire. Question No 4 Are there any gaps in the channel? Are channel members performing functions that Invisalign intends them to do? If not, then Why? Answer Demand-Side Gaps * Capturing the Existing Market This is a bit unexpected, considering the many compelling advantages the product itself has over traditional braces. May be the gap exists because of deficiency in customer mental satisfaction level or due to the lack of awareness and trust on Align systems. * Capturing the Potential market Indeed, only a relatively small proportion of this potential population seeks treatment because of the drawbacks associated with conventional treatment, but Invisalign’s process overcomes many of these shortcomings. This gap might be attributed to the orthodontists and the media advertisement, which is focused on raising awareness, and describes advantages over the conventional method (instead of brand benefits). Supply-Side Gaps * Delivery Incentives A possible gap in the delivery of the offering may shoot from the underlying economic incentive for orthodontists. So short of the orthodontists possessing very high brand loyalty or customers specifically requesting the Invisalign treatment, the promotion to customers breaks down here. In addition, the ClinCheck simulation takes 3-4 weeks to complete. They may find a way to give incentive to Pakistan to turn around the simulations faster to cut down on production time. * Production Process Time Invisalign has essentially inserted itself right in the middle of the traditional treatment process. Also, the procedure is entirely customized to each patient. These two facts combined create a longer supply chain that is subject to slow down the production. The Invisalign process includes three centers. The entire process took up to six weeks. Question No 5 Are channel power sources affecting Invisalign’s success? If so, then how? Answer * Orthodontists Perhaps the greatest power source affecting Invisalign’s success is the  orthodontist. An orthodontist stands in between Align and the patient and exercise the power of his expertise. The two customer segments (health conscious and beauty conscious) value their orthodontist’s opinion. That’s why orthodontists have higher profit margins as compared to Invisalign. * Dentists Invisalign have given â€Å"exclusive† distribution rights to orthodontists. So, they have more power. Dentists are mostly the intermediaries who refer the patients to orthodontists and then orthodontists refer patients to Align Corporation for Invisalign systems. The power of Dentists may be limited or actually they are the intermediaries who are performing the role of referrals. When they feel unsatisfied or their profit margins decrease, they also try to reduce the profit margins of Align Corporation by not referring the patients to orthodontists. * Sales Force Invisalign’s sales force uses an exhausting structure. They are not giving the incentives to their sales force. The company is relying more on doctors, dentists, website and orthodontists instead of their sales force. The sales force is unmotivated and that’s why they are affecting Invisalign’s success. * Patients Patient conformity affects Invisalign’s success because of the high degree of participation required for treatment as aligners were removable at the patient’s discretion. Some orthodontists did not like being associated with a treatment that could fail from no doing of their own. Therefore, patients show a sort of power–doctors did not want to be â€Å"associated† with them. Question No 6 What would you do to complete conversion? Answer We propose that Invisalign’s offering is closer to the growth stage in the product life cycle than it is to the introduction stage. Marketing channels should change as the product moves along in its cycle. We suggest that dentists must administer the full process. Other suggestions are given below which if the company adopts in future then definitely the profitability and  customer base will increase in the near future and the profit margins of all intermediaries will be maximized. * Intensive distribution Align should move from selective distribution to intensive. The increased number of retailers (dentists and orthodontists) makes it easier and more likely for patients to receive treatment (enhance spatial convenience). The increased distribution should drive prices down as retailers compete for customers. * Better Incentives Dentists are incentivized by volume of patients and perform non-specialized tasks that require less treatment, all opposite of the orthodontists. This match brilliantly with the Align’s offering. In fact, some of the characteristics seen as unattractive from the orthodontists would be viewed as benefits for dentists. * Target Customers The offering can be adjusted to match the needs and wants of the various segments of customers. Each patient segment (prior use, beauty and health conscious) has different preferences and a varied tendency to buy, as would the retailers (dentists and orthodontists). The other side to this is Align can â€Å"fire† bad orthodontists * Brand Benefits Because brand awareness is achieved (80 percent), advertisement should shift focus from aesthetic advantages over the traditional system to brand benefits. The existing approach targets the existing market. They must position their product on the basis of brand benefits and try to ensure the targeted customers that Invisalign is the best suitable solution. References http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/distribution.html http://www.businessihub.com/the-role-of-marketing-channels/ http://teamjaker.wikispaces.com/Invisalign

The Life Of Frederick Douglass, Web Dubois, And Booker T...

YOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO INTRO YO: Throughout history, all over the world, people have been enslaved and mistreated based on various arbitrary factors. From the slavery of cultures all over the world, to racial oppression of today, these people have been subjected to subhuman cruelty. In America, the turning point for this mistreatment was the late 19th century and early 20th century. With the civil war and the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution, slaves and free African Americans gained more freedom. The best path for these African Americans of the 19th and 20th centuries is to combine the ideas of great African American leaders like Frederick Douglass, WEB DuBois, and Booker T Washington. The optimal path to freedom for the subjected people is to become educated, to value themselves, working hard, and proving to oppressors that they are equal. DOUGLASS AND EDUCATION YO: Frederick Douglass was an extremely influential abolitionist in the 19th century. As an escaped slave, he had firsthand experience with the hardships and cruelty of slavery. In his eyes, the best path to become free was to educate yourself. Throughout his autobiography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, education is a prevalent theme. When his mistress begins to teach him to read, his master objects, â€Å"â€Å"if you teach that {slave ( Í ¡Ã‚ ° ÍÅ"Êâ€" Í ¡Ã‚ °)} how to read, there would be no keeping him. It would forever unfit him to be a slave. HeShow MoreRelatedBooker T. Washington ( 1856-1915 )1856 Words   |  8 PagesBooker T. Washington (1856-1915) was a standout amongst the most persuasive (and questionable) African Americans ever. Brought up the child of a slave mother, Washington was self-propelled and focused on his own training from a youthful age. The tumultuous time in America s history amid which he lived managed him n ew opportunities that originated from Abraham Lincoln s Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 and the inevitable achievement of the North in the Civil War. He took the first chance to goRead MoreEssay on Could Reconstruction Have Been More Successful3586 Words   |  15 Pagesindustrialize, it began to better train and take care of its newly freed black workers to prevent them from Unionizing. The South provided workers with schools, hospitals, recreational facilities, housing, and offered scholarships for Blacks to attend Booker T. Washington’s Tuskegee College. Even though the rationale for providing these benefits to Blacks was to prevent Unionization, these steps were significant achievements toward Reconstruction. From a purely legal standpoint, Reconstruction accomplishedRead More The Questionable Morals and Values of the United States Essay2452 Words   |  10 Pagesparents taught us several lessons about life values and principles that we are supposed to follow. We learn that human life is precious, we learn that we are all equal, we learn that we have to respect other, we learn that â€Å"do not do to others what you do not want done to you† and that we should not steal just to name a few. According to the Oxford Dictionary value is â€Å"a person‘s principles or standards of behavior; one’s judgment of what is important in life: they internalize their parents rulesRead MoreBlack Nationalism Essay2397 Words   |  10 Pagescollective actions of African Americans based on shared heritage and common concerns. Delany was born into a free black family in Charleston, West Virginia, and eventually moved to western Pennsylvania. While in Pennsylvania, he came across Frede rick Douglass and his newspaper company where he later became employed. Delany was an educated African American who attended medical school at Harvard University. While at the university, white students rejected his presence of being a black student, andRead MoreBlack History Should Not Be Celebrated1846 Words   |  8 Pagesshortest month of the year where its significance in, and influence, on this nation can be recognized and acknowledged.( Brands: Black History Month Is Best Celebrated Year-round. Brands: Black History Month Is Best Celebrated Year-round. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2015. http://www.campaignlive.com/article/brands-black-history-month-best-celebrated-year-round/1333990.) Dr. Carter Woodson, a pioneer in African American history and the â€Å"Father of Black History†, founded Black History Month in 1936. WoodsonRead MoreNot Without Laughter Study Guide9912 Words   |  40 Pagesunder license. The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beachams Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: Social Concerns, Thematic Overview, Techniques, Literary Precedents, Key Questions, Related Titles, Adaptations, Related Web Sites. (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham. The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beachams Guide to Literature for Young Adults: About the Author, Overview, Setting, Literary Qualities, Social Sensitivity, Topics for Discussion